Kev sib piv ntawm TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) thiab EMS (Electrical Muscle Stimulation), qhia txog lawv cov txheej txheem, kev siv, thiab kev cuam tshuam hauv kev kho mob.
1. Cov ntsiab lus thiab lub hom phiaj:
TENS:
Txhais: TENS suav nrog kev siv cov hluav taws xob qis rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm electrodes, feem ntau rau kev tswj qhov mob.
Lub Hom Phiaj: Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txo qhov mob hnyav thiab mob ntev los ntawm kev txhawb nqa lub paj hlwb, yog li hloov kho qhov mob nkag siab thiab txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm endogenous opioids.
EMS:
Lus Txhais: EMS yog hais txog kev siv hluav taws xob impulses rau cov leeg nqaij, ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg.
Lub Hom Phiaj: Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov leeg nqaij, txhim kho lub zog, tiv thaiv atrophy, thiab txhawb kev kho mob tom qab raug mob lossis phais.
2. Mechanisms of Action
TENS:
Gate Control Theory: TENS feem ntau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub rooj vag tswj txoj kev xav, qhov twg stimulation ntawm loj A-beta fibers inhibits kev sib kis ntawm mob teeb liab nqa los ntawm me me C fibers mus rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb.
Endorphin Tso Tawm: Tsawg zaus TENS (1-10 Hz) tuaj yeem txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm endorphins thiab enkephalins, uas khi rau opioid receptors hauv lub hlwb, ua rau muaj teebmeem analgesic.
Pain Threshold Alteration: Qhov kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev nkag siab ntawm qhov mob, ua rau tib neeg muaj kev mob tsawg.
EMS:
Lub cev muaj zog Neuron Kev Ua Haujlwm: EMS ua rau lub cev muaj zog neurons ncaj qha, ua rau cov leeg nqaij fiber ntau nrhiav thiab cog lus. Cov contractions tuaj yeem yeem los yog tsis yeem, nyob ntawm qhov tsis tau teev tseg.
Hom Cov leeg nqaij Contraction: EMS tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho tib si isotonic contractions (ua kom luv ntawm cov leeg nqaij) thiab isometric contractions (cov leeg nro tsis txav), nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Ua kom ntshav ntws thiab rov qab: Cov contractions txhim khu kev ncig hauv zos, uas tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg hauv metabolic thiab muab cov as-ham, yog li txhawb kev rov qab los thiab kho cov leeg.
3. Parameter Chaw
TENS:
Zaus: Feem ntau yog nyob ntawm 1 Hz txog 150 Hz. Tsawg zaus (1-10 Hz) muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tso tawm opioid endogenous, thaum ntau zaus (80-100 Hz) tuaj yeem muab qhov mob sai dua.
Pulse Dav: Nws txawv ntawm 50 mus rau 400 microseconds; Cov mem tes dav dav tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov ntaub so ntswg sib sib zog nqus.
Modulation: TENS cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau muaj teeb tsa rau kev hloov pauv mem tes los tiv thaiv kev nyob, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig txuas ntxiv.
EMS:
Zaus: Feem ntau teem ntawm 1 Hz thiab 100 Hz. Ntau zaus ntawm 20 Hz thiab 50 Hz yog ib txwm muaj rau kev cob qhia cov leeg, thaum ntau zaus tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog sai.
Pulse Width: Feem ntau yog li ntawm 200 mus rau 400 microseconds los xyuas kom meej cov nqaij fiber ntau ua kom zoo.
Lub luag haujlwm Cycle: EMS cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau siv lub luag haujlwm sib txawv los txhim kho cov leeg nqaij thiab cov theem rov qab (xws li, 10 vib nas this, 15 vib nas this).
4. Kev siv tshuaj kho mob
TENS:
Kev Tswj Kev Mob: Siv dav rau cov mob xws li mob nraub qaum qis, osteoarthritis, mob neuropathic, thiab dysmenorrhea.
Postoperative Pain: tuaj yeem siv los txo kev cia siab rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob tom qab phais.
Physiological Effects: Tej zaum kuj yuav txo tau cov leeg nro, txhim kho kev txav mus los, thiab txhim kho tag nrho cov neeg mob kev nplij siab.
EMS:
Rehabilitation: Siv hauv kev kho lub cev rau cov neeg mob rov qab los ntawm kev phais lossis kev raug mob los tswj cov leeg nqaij thiab ua haujlwm.
Kev cob qhia muaj zog: Ua haujlwm hauv cov tshuaj kis las txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog thiab kev ua siab ntev hauv cov neeg ncaws pob, feem ntau siv nrog rau kev cob qhia ib txwm muaj.
Kev Tswj Spasticity: tuaj yeem pab tswj kev mob spasticity hauv cov kab mob neurological los ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov leeg nqaij thiab txo qis kev tsis txaus ntseeg.
5. Electrode Qhov chaw thiab teeb tsa
TENS Electrode Placement:
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig lossis ib puag ncig cov chaw mob, nrog rau kev teeb tsa feem ntau ua raws li cov qauv dermatome lossis cov ntsiab lus ua kom zoo dua qhov mob.
EMS Electrode Qhov Chaw:
Cov hluav taws xob tau muab tso rau ntawm cov leeg nqaij tshwj xeeb, kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov leeg nqaij hauv plab tau them kom ua tiav cov kev ua haujlwm zoo.
6. Kev nyab xeeb thiab contraindications
TENS Kev Nyab Xeeb:
Feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg feem coob; Txawm li cas los xij, ceev faj yog qhia rau cov tib neeg uas muaj qee yam mob xws li pacemakers, tawv nqaij tawv nqaij, lossis cov xwm txheej uas ua rau tsis hnov qab.
Cov teebmeem tshwm sim feem ntau yog tsawg, nrog rau cov tawv nqaij khaus lossis tsis xis nyob ntawm cov chaw electrode.
EMS Kev Nyab Xeeb:
Thaum muaj kev nyab xeeb, EMS yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob neuromuscular, cev xeeb tub, lossis qee yam mob plawv.
Kev pheej hmoo muaj xws li mob nqaij, khaus tawv nqaij, thiab qee zaus, rhabdomyolysis yog siv tsis raug.
Xaus:
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, TENS thiab EMS yog cov qauv siv hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txhua tus muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv, kev siv, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kho mob. TENS feem ntau yog tsom rau qhov mob nyem los ntawm kev hnov qab lub paj hlwb, thaum EMS yog siv rau kev ua kom cov leeg nqaij thiab kho kom rov zoo.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-06-2024
